EDITORIAL RETRACTION NOTICE (April 8, 2026): This article has been formally retracted at the request of its authors. Reason: Duplicate publication or verifiable editorial conflict. The authors stated that the manuscript was submitted to another journal due to indexing requirements at the University of Guayaquil. Record status: In accordance with COPE’s ethical policies and guidelines, the article has not been completely removed to preserve the integrity of the academic record and the persistence of the DOI: https://doi.org/10.64041/riidg.v4i4.57. However, the original content has been removed from public view. Translated with DeepL.com (free version)
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