This paper presents the computational investigation of the charging characteristics of PCM inside a latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit that consists of a horizontal heat exchanger type of the inner tube and outer shell using ANSYS/FLUENT software. The melting process numerically tested for the heat transfer fluid HTF (water) inlet temperature (60, 70, and 80 °C), and the PCM's initial temperature is 15 °C. Also, this study examined the effect of the mushy zone constant. Extensive measures show that charging time decreases with increased water inlet temperature. The melting of PCM completes in a time of 260 minutes when using a water inlet temperature of 60 °C, while the melting time reaches 182 minutes when the water inlet temperature is 70 °C, and the melting completes in a time of 145 minutes by using the hot water entry temperature of 80 °C. When the water inlet temperature increased from 60 °C to 70 °C and 80 °C, respectively, the melting time was saved by about 30% and 44%. The best melting time reduction is achieved at an HTF inlet temperature of 80 °C. In addition, the melting time increased as constant values rose in the mushy zone. The melting times are 182, 1
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