Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a revolutionary photovoltaic technology due to their exceptional power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), tunable optoelectronic properties, and low-cost fabrication methods. Over the past decade, significant advancements have been made in efficiency optimization, stability improvements, tandem architectures, light management strategies, and industrial scalability, making PSCs a strong contender against traditional silicon photovoltaics. This systematic review examines 164 peer-reviewed studies, encompassing the latest developments in material engineering, device architecture innovations, lifecycle assessment, and commercialization pathways. The findings highlight that perovskite PV efficiencies have surpassed 25% in single-junction cells and exceeded 29% in perovskite-silicon tandem configurations, positioning them as a next-generation photovoltaic solution. However, stability challenges remain a primary obstacle, with environmental stressors such as moisture, UV exposure, thermal instability, and ion migration contributing to performance degradation. Recent research has addressed these concerns through advanced encapsulation techniques,
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