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A GovSecOps-Oriented Governance, Risk, and Compliance Platform for Continuous Authorization in DoD IL4/IL5 Environments

Anand Janjal · Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice · 2026

Department of Defense (DoD) Impact Level 4 and Impact Level 5 (IL4/IL5) systems require continuous assurance of cybersecurity posture under stringent operational and regulatory constraints. While the NIST Risk Management Framework (RMF) and DoD DevSecOps guidance emphasize continuous authorization supported by real-time evidence, many existing Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) platforms remain documentation-centric and insufficiently integrated with operational telemetry. This paper presents a GovSecOps-oriented GRC architecture that integrates vulnerability ingestion, automated Plan of Action and Milestones (POA&M) lifecycle management, dynamic risk scoring, and continuous authorization dashboards within IL4/IL5 environments. Using a Design Science Research methodology, the study develops and evaluates the architecture through a quantitative simulation experiment based on a synthetic dataset of 1,200 vulnerabilities across 150 assets. Results demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in remediation cycle time (mean reduction: 38.2%, p < 0.001) and improved documentation efficiency. A comparative multi-case study across cloud-native, hybrid, and legacy environme

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