Technological innovations are frequently associated with enhanced efficiency and improved decision-making; however, their initial adoption has often been characterised by notable resistance. This study examined the persistence of this phenomenon by synthesising empirical evidence from the historical adoption of calculators, spreadsheets, and statistical software, and by comparing these insights with contemporary developments in artificial intelligence (AI). The findings indicated that resistance extended beyond technical limitations and reflected a complex, multi-dimensional process shaped by individual factors such as self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, and anxieties related to skill displacement as well as organisational culture and broader systemic conditions. The evidence further demonstrated that successful adoption was contingent upon structured support mechanisms, incremental exposure to new technologies, and the clear articulation of value propositions. At the organisational level, effective leadership, adequate resource allocation, and coherent policy alignment emerged as critical enablers of sustained integration. Drawing on these insights, the study proposed a multi-lev
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