Design and Development of Hybrid Spectrum Access Technique for CR-IoT Network

The radio spectrum is an underutilized natural resource with significant untapped potential. The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is driving a dramatic increase in radio spectrum demand. These devices can utilize cognitive radio (CR) technology to access the bandwidth left unused by licensed spectrum users, also known as primary users (PUs), to meet end users spectrum requirements efficiently. However, because PUs are given priority, CR-enabled Internet of Things (CR-IoT) devices, also known as secondary users (SU), must frequently communicate with one another in an opportunistic manner or under stringent power constraints. This can complicate CR-IoT device communication, render it unstable, and restrict its throughput. This paper proposes a hybrid spectrum access algorithm that combines underlay and interweave spectrum access methods to address this issue. When a PU is detected, under the proposed scheme, CR-IoT devices utilize underlay spectrum access. In contrast, when no PU is detected, CR-IoT devices employ interweave spectrum access. In addition, a proposed iterative algorithm permits CR-IoT devices to adapt their sensing thresholds, and sensing time ba