Enhancing Traffic Data Security in Smart Cities Using Optimized Quantum-Based Digital Signatures and Privacy-Preserving Techniques

Securing big data in power plants is an important and fundamental step in the infrastructure of smart cities. In addition, it becomes a barrier if it is not controlled from the beginning. Security must be a combination of fast and robust properties. This research presents a traffic security system (TSS) in a smart city (SC). It is a novel paradigm meant to improve data security and integrity by means of a multilayered method. Advanced fault analysis, dual-stage pseudonymizing, quantum key distribution via the BB84 protocol, and Falcon signatures (FS) are combined in the proposed system. TSS enhances data security by enhancing privacy, supporting resilience against quantum computing threats, and not burdening the network with complex and large keys. The proposed system has been tested against several recently known attacks, such as replay, supply chain, Sybil, blackhole, eavesdropping, advanced persistent threat (APT), tampering, ransomware identity fraud, and desynchronization, and it has been proven to overcome them. In terms of performance evaluation, the average signing time was approximately 0.002 milliseconds. In comparison, the average signature verification time was approxim