Community leaders in Thailand play an important role in preventing and controlling infectious diseases, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, risk perception and adequate health literacy among these leaders influence the population. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationships among health literacy, risk perception factors, and the implementation of COVID-19 prevention and control. A self-administered structured questionnaire was administered to 1,338 community leaders in northeast Thailand to assess the level of implementation of COVID-19 prevention and control measures. Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify the influence of risk perceptions and health literacy on the prevention and control of COVID-19. Approximately 64% of the sample was male, and the participants had an average age of 50.51 ± 8.47 years. The factors associated with moderate and high levels of COVID-19 prevention and control among community leaders were moderate and high levels of perceived susceptibility (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] = 3.01; 95% CI: 2.13–4.25; p-value < 0.001) and perceived severity (ORadj = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.22–2.45; p-value = 0.023) as well as ad
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