Arabic Chatbots Challenges and Solutions: A Systematic Literature Review

Since the beginning of Natural Language Processing, researchers have been highly interested in the idea of equipping machines with the ability to think, understand, and communicate in a human-like manner. However, despite the significant progress in this field, particularly in English, Arabic research remains in its early stages of development. This study presents a Systematic Literature Review on challenges faced in Arabic chatbot development and the proposed solutions. Utilizing the search terms"ARABIC," "CHATBOT," "CHALLENGES," and "SOLUTION," (including synonyms) we systematically surveyed studies published between 2000 and 2023 from Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, SpringerLink, IEEE Xplore, ACM, Ebesco, and ICI. Moreover, besides Google Scholar and ResearchGate, we employed a manual snowballing technique to discover supplementary relevant research by examining the references of all chosen primary studies. The included studies were assessed for eligibility based on the quality assessment checklist we developed. Out of 3,891 studies, only 64 were deemed eligible. Many challenges were identified, including thescarcity of well-structured datasets. To overcome this