Ultrasonography is a non-invasive imaging technique based on the emission and reception of high-frequency sound waves, enabling real-time analysis of examined tissues. In dentistry, its application has expanded to include the diagnosis of soft tissue alterations in the head and neck region, such as inflammatory processes, superficial lesions, and temporomandibular disorders. The technique allows differentiation between cystic and solid lesions in the mandible, as well as precise evaluation of the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. Intraoral examinations are also feasible with this technology. The sensitivity for detecting zygomatic fractures is 88.2%, with a specificity of 100%. In periapical lesions, ultrasonography distinguishes cysts from granulomas, especially when using color Doppler, which identifies vascular structures and assesses blood flow and resistance. Beyond its diagnostic value, ultrasound has therapeutic potential, being used as an adjuvant in pain, inflammation, and edema control, and in promoting healing. Being painless, accessible, radiation-free, and low-cost, ultrasonography stands out as a promising tool in dental practice.
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