While artificial intelligence technologies offer significant opportunities for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), they also present ethical, environmental, and economic challenges. This study provides a comprehensive systematic literature review that maps the dimensions of “AI for Sustainability” and “Sustainability of AI” within an integrated theoretical framework. Using the PRISMA methodology, 167 records were compiled from Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar; after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 81 articles were analysed in depth. Studies focused primarily on engineering and technical computation were excluded to ensure alignment with the study’s social sciences and sustainability management orientation. Findings in the “AI for Sustainability” dimension reveal that AI makes significant contributions to SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure). However, empirical research on SDG 5 (Gender Equality), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and SDG 13 (Climate Action) remains insufficient, with social and environmental SDGs systematically underrepresented. In the “Sustainability of AI” dimension, the lit
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