Nepal has been rapidly adopting electric vehicles (EVs) to achieve its long- term strategy for net-zero emissions; however, the transportation sector still heavily relies on imported fossil fuels. This study uses a sample survey to develop the baseline of energy consumption in the transportation sector and accordingly forecasts energy and emissions in the transportation sector using a macroeconomic model. In this study, the Low Emission Analysis Platform (LEAP) modelling tool is used to forecast energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) in the transportation sector of Nepal. Based on historical energy use trends in the sector and the Government of Nepal‘s policies, three scenarios were developed: Business as Usual (BAU), Sustainable Development (SD), and Net-Zero Emission (NZE). In the base year, i.e. 2022, the energy consumption in the transportation sector amounts to 64.92 PJ. The BAU scenario, based on the historical energy consumption pattern, projects an increase in overall energy demand to 92.41 PJ by 2030 and 180.46 PJ by 2045, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.55%. The electricity consumption in the transportation fuel is expected to rise from 0.07 PJ i
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