Background: In Thailand, public health service roles have been defined by the Ministry of Public Health, while essential public health functions (EPHFs) were not assigned as necessity health-care service activities responding to the missions of primary care units. Objectives: The aims were to determine the EPHFs and compare the necessity of performance and the actual performance according to the EPHFs of public health personnel in the subdistrict health-promoting hospitals (SHPHs). Materials and Methods: The exploratory sequential design of mixed methods was employed. The first phase consisted of three methods: a focus group discussion, a nominal group technique, and a cross-sectional survey used to determine the EPHFs. The second phase was to compare the necessity of performance and the actual performance according to the EPHFs of the personnel using a cross-sectional survey. The 285 SHPH directors in the second health region as samples were selected by random clusters.
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