Background and objectives. Sleep disturbances are frequently reported in patients with migraine; however, the specific alterations in sleep architecture associated with episodic migraine without aura remain insufficiently defined. This study aimed to characterize sleep patterns using polysomnography and assess their relationship with migraine characteristics. Materials and methods. In this prospective case-control study, 50 patients with episodic migraine without aura and 50 age-matched healthy controls underwent comprehensive overnight polysomnographic evaluation. Objective sleep parameters were analyzed alongside subjective assessments using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Outcomes. Compared to controls, migraine patients exhibited significantly reduced sleep efficiency (78.10% vs. 90.50%, p<0.001) and a higher arousal index (2.90 vs. 1.60, p=0.001). Sleep architecture analysis revealed increased N2 sleep (61.6% vs. 49.85%, p<0.001), with reduced N3 (18.30% vs. 22.10%, p=0.001) and REM sleep (15.80% vs. 20.90%, p=0.001). Sleep efficiency showed a strong negative correlation with migraine attack frequency (r = −0.79, p<0.001),
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