Effect of hormonal contraceptive exposure on hormonal receptor and proliferative index expression in meningioma patients

Background and objectives. Hormonal contraceptives remain one of the most common birth control medications among females in the general population. The use of hormonal contraceptives is believed to be one of the risk factors for meningioma. Research on meningioma has provided substantial evidence regarding the existence of hormone receptors. Our study was designed to clarify whether the expression of hormonal receptors and proliferative index is influenced by the exposure to hormonal contraceptives. Materials and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia, from 2018 to 2023. The inclusion criteria encompassed meningioma patients with a history of exposure to hormonal contraceptives. Patient data collection was obtained from medical records and detailed interviews (reproductive status and history of hormonal contraceptive use). Data regarding patients’ characteristics, histology type, and WHO grade tumors were extracted from the patients’ clinical files. Immunohistochemistry studies were performed to evaluate the progesterone receptor expression, estrogen receptor expression, and Ki-67 index. Results. A total of 51 pat