An Ensemble Learning Framework for Robust Cyberbullying Detection on Social Media

Social networking platforms on the Internet are now an essential feature of daily life worldwide, as these networks have made bridging the gap and sharing content an effortless task. Twitter stands out as a leading platform with a gigantic user base and is used extensively for communication between people and spreading information. Besides the many advantages these websites offer, such as promoting worldwide communication and dialogue, they may also pose unintended side effects that can be destructive to humanitarian and social life. One of the negative impacts of social networking sites is cyberbullying. Cyberbullying can be defined as “willful and repeated harm inflicted through the medium of electronic text” [1]. The support of harmful actions, such as harassment, threats, and humiliation, by individuals in online environments has brought about significant emotional and psychological effects for targeted individuals. The anonymity associated with social media platforms has the effect of increasing the occurrence of such detrimental activities, as there is less fear of the consequences of their actions, thus escalating the negative impact of cyberbullying. The Cyberbullying Detec