Background. Increasing the yield of soybean necessitates the maintenance of a high protein level in seeds, and therefore the process of fixing atmospheric N2. Seed inoculation with soybean nitrogen-fixing bacteria is known to improve N2-fixation and soybean grain yield. At the same time, the introduction of new nodule bacteria strains into preparations for soybean inoculation requires the study of their influence on the main interconnected physiological processes that form the basis of leguminous plants productivity – N2-fixation and photosynthesis. The aim of the work was to study the relationship of vegetative growth and grain productivity of soybean inoculated with new nodule bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains of different functional activity with the plants’ symbiotic and photosynthetic apparatuses functioning. Materials and Methods. The research was carried out on symbiotic systems created with soybean plants (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) of the Almaz variety and nodule bacteria B. japonicum strains: analytically selected PC09, and recombinant strains B157, B201, D45, D52 (pSUP5011::Tn5mob) and C30 (pSUP2021::Tn5) from the N2-fixing microorganisms museum collection of the In
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