In the field of information and cybersecurity, one of the most important and critical challenges is the human factor, because no software or technical tool can fully compensate for the lack of awareness of information and cyber risks, appropriate behavior and a responsible attitude to information protection. The introduction of cognitive science theories into the field of cyber security will increase the level of effectiveness of protection strategies. Cognitive modeling contributes to the creation of mathematical models that simulate the processes of human thinking, decision-making and behavior, which brings the transition from reactive protection to a proactive approach. This article is devoted to the study of the implementation of the cognitive approach in security systems. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the main definitions of cognitive science are highlighted, in particular, the concepts of cognitive modeling, cognitive analysis and synthesis, types of cognitive models, fuzzy cognitive map. The advantages of cognitive theories in various sectors of society are outlined. It has been proven that cognitive modeling can be applied in the field of cybersecurity to
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