Nystagmus is an involuntary, periodic eye movement caused by a slow drift of fixation of either jerk, pendular, or rotatory form. The clinical and molecular assessment of nystagmus can provide crucial elements for a state-of-the-art differential diagnosis. Herewith, we provide a comprehensive overview of idiopathic infantile nystagmus, one of the most common forms of infantile nystagmus that is usually reached out by exclusion of a variety of underlying causes and considered as one of the main leading causes of visual debleating disorders in early childhood.
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