Even in the endovascular era, infrainguinal arterial bypass remains a mainstay in a vascular surgeon’s armamentarium for treating patients with claudication or critical limb ischemia. New techniques include hybrid endovascular and open options to treat those patients with limited autogenous conduit or to simply decrease graft length to help minimize risk of stenosis long term. Over time, the perceived notions of distal vein cuffs and use of prosthetic below the knee have been modified with extensive registry and literature reviews, making lower extremity bypass an ever-changing treatment modality. Key words: duplex mapping, femoral tibial artery exposure, hybrid, vein harvest This review contains 17 figures, and 77 references.
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