Sternal wound complications are a serious consequence of cardiac surgery. The use of muscle and/or omental flaps has been particularly important to treat these complications. The pectoralis major muscle is the most commonly used muscle to treat these infections. The greater omentum provides a potential rich source of vascularized tissue. Innovation in sternal union techniques provide surgeons with options to further prevent these complications in high risk patients. These complications remain with substantial morbidity and mortality and a multidisciplinary approach can minimize complications and reduce time in the hospital. This review contains 4 figures, 2 tables, and 20 references. Key words: sternum, wound, infection, mediastinitis, pectoralis major, omentum, sternal plates, sternal rewiring
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