Male-to-Female Gender-Confirming Surgery

Advances in male-to-female gender-confirming surgery enable acquisition of female secondary sexual characteristics for gender dysphoric patients desiring surgical transition. It is imperative for medical professionals caring for transgender patients to be informed of the current standards of care and the available surgical options. This review discusses male-to-female chest and genital reconstructive surgical approaches. This review contains 27 figures, 5 tables and 52 references  Key words: augmentation mammoplasty, gender-confirming surgery, genital reconstruction, male to female, transgender, vaginoplasty