Chronic pain is very common in the United States. Although effective treatments are available, pain remains poorly managed in many patients. This review covers how to assess a patient with pain; the management of acute and chronic pain; and peripheral neuropathy, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), fibromyalgia, myofascial pain, back and spine pain, and cancer pain. Figures show how pain transducers (nociceptors) monitor and influence tissue conditions, sensory processing in the spinal cord dorsal horn, and classification of chronic pain syndromes. Tables list the International Association for the Study of Pain’s definitions for the management of pain; differences between acute and chronic pain; physiologic mechanisms sustaining pain; pain descriptors and types of pain; distinguishing hyperalgesia and allodynia; patient classifications and group characteristics; treatments and medication classes used for acute pain as well as chronic pain; two categories of chronic pain, differences between nociceptive and neuropathic pain; behavioral and rehabilitative therapies used for chronic pain; the Budapest diagnostic criteria for CRPS; diagnostic approaches to CRPS; signs and symptoms o
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