Aim: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its applications in healthcare are rapidly developing. The healthcare industry generates ever-increasing volumes of data that should be used to improve patient care. This review aims to examine the use of AI and its applications in hepatopancreatic and biliary (HPB) surgery, highlighting studies leveraging large datasets. Methods: A PRISMA-ScR compliant scoping review using Medline and Google Scholar databases was performed (5th August 2022). Studies focusing on the development and application of AI to HPB surgery were eligible for inclusion. We undertook a conceptual mapping exercise to identify key areas where AI is under active development for use in HPB surgery. We considered studies and concepts in the context of patient pathways - before surgery (including diagnostics), around the time of surgery (supporting interventions) and after surgery (including prognostication). Results: 98 studies were included. Most studies were performed in China or the USA (n = 45). Liver surgery was the most common area studied (n = 51). Research into AI in HPB surgery has increased rapidly in recent years, with almost two-thirds published since 2019 (61/98)
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