Abstract The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) presents substantial challenges for global regulation and governance. This study explores various approaches adopted by countries and industries in formulating legal policies that promote the responsible and innovative use of AI. It examines regulatory frameworks in the European Union, the United States, and China, alongside the deployment of AI in the automotive and healthcare sectors. Empirical evidence suggests that stringent regulations, such as those in the European Union, enhance legal clarity and foster public trust but impose higher compliance costs and hinder innovation. Conversely, the United States' more lenient approach promotes innovation but leads to legal ambiguity. Key global challenges, including standards harmonization, algorithm transparency, and accountability, remain critical issues for stakeholders. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for an equilibrium between innovation and regulation, achieved through international collaboration to establish robust, secure, and sustainable AI governance frameworks. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, AI policy, AI governance, AI regulation Abstrak Pesa
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