Forensic structural engineering practice in the USA

Structural failures during construction or in service nearly all result in claims and litigation, the outcome of which is strongly influenced by forensic investigations. Identifying causes of failure and the party responsible, plus technical presentation of subsequent claims and defences, generally requires all parties to engage forensic engineers as witnesses. This paper is an overview of the highly active professional practice of forensic structural engineering in the USA, possibly the world's most litigious environment for construction. It discusses the origins and causes of failures, the process of forensic investigation, the role of expert witnesses and a list of further reading.