In this scientific-historical review devoted to the recent achievements of the Muscle Biochemistry Department of the Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, the NAS of Ukraine, we synthesize findings from interdisciplinary investigations of intracellular calcium homeostasis in smooth muscle (exemplified by the myometrium) conducted at the interface of biochemistry, physical and organic chemistry, biophysics, and mathematical/computational modeling. We emphasize that the selected calix[4]arenes considered here act selectively as inhibitors of the Mg2+,ATP-dependent calcium and sodium pumps – ion-transporting ATPases (electroenzymes Ca2+,Mg2+-ATPase and Na+,K+-ATPase) – of the plasma membrane of smooth-muscle cells, enabling controlled modulation of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and the contractile activity of the myometrium. The data obtained also indicate that the selected calix[4]arenes can be regarded as compounds suitable for efficient investigation of mitochondrial function in smooth-muscle cells, in particular the mechanisms of transmembrane Ca2+ exchange, the principles governing membrane-potential formation, and the contribution of these subcellular structures to the control of
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