Objectives: Orthodontic treatments with clear aligners are popular. Loss of composite resin attachments during treatment remains a concern. Self-adhesive composite resins were introduced to simplify bonding. This study compared the shear bond strength (SBS) and evaluated the failure modes of self-adhesive and conventional composite resin. Methods: Eighty-four intact upper first premolars were used, 80 were randomly allocated into five groups with different bonding protocols: Group 1 (etch and rinse + conventional flowable composite resin), Group 2 (self-etching + conventional flowable composite resin), Group 3 (self-adhesive composite resin), Group 4 (etching + self-adhesive composite resin), and Group 5 (self-etching + self-adhesive composite resin). After thermocycling, the SBS was tested using a universal testing machine and analyzed with one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). Failure modes were determined under a stereomicroscope. The enamel surface of four unallocated teeth with different preparations were assessed by a scanning electron microscope. Results: 62.5% of attachments in Group 3 dislodged after thermocycling. The mean SBS (MPa) was significantly higher in Group 1 (17.72±5.37)
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