A simple viscid flow model has been developed to describe the effects of geometry and fluid properties on the performance of vortex throttles. The semi-empirical model can be used as a basis for design of certain types of vortex throttle. Within defined limits, the equations predict the performance of throttles of various geometries operating over a range of Reynolds number, for non-cavitating incompressible and subsonic compressible flow. Friction losses are accounted for by using a theoretical velocity recovery factor and a semi-empirical overall circulation factor. The model indicates a change in performance of the throttles over a certain Reynolds number range which is interpreted as transition from turbulent to predominantly laminar flow within the chamber. Predictions are made of optimum throttle design at various Reynolds numbers.
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