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Investigating red packet fraud in android applications: insights from user reviews

Yu Cheng, Xiaofang Qi, Yanhui Li · Cybersecurity · 2026

Abstract With the popularization of smartphones, red packets have been widely used in mobile apps. However, the issues of fraud associated with them have also become increasingly prominent. As reported in user reviews from mobile app markets, many users have complained about experiencing red packet fraud and being persistently troubled by fraudulent red packets. To uncover this phenomenon, we conduct the first investigation into an extensive collection of user reviews on apps with red packets. In this paper, we first propose a novel automated approach, ReckDetector, for effectively identifying apps with red packets from app markets. We then collect over 360,000 real user reviews from 334 apps with red packets available on Google Play and three popular alternative Android app markets. We preprocess the user reviews to extract those related to red packets and fine-tune a pre-trained BERT model to identify negative reviews. Finally, based on semantic analysis, we have summarized six distinct categories of red packet fraud issues reported by users. Through our study, we found that red packet fraud is highly prevalent, significantly impacting user experience and damagi

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