Abstract Background Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) senescence limits their therapeutic potential. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), though easily accessible, are prone to senescence under oxidative or inflammatory stress. Ginsenoside Rg1, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may counteract this process. This study investigates whether Rg1 can alleviate ADSC senescence and its underlying mechanisms. Methods To explore the molecular mechanisms by which Ginsenoside Rg1 mitigates ADSC senescence, network pharmacology and molecular docking were applied to identify potential signaling pathways and targets. Cell viability was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay to select the optimal modeling concentration. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle distribution and immune-related marker expression in ADSCs. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) quantified stemness- and senescence-related gene expression. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining assessed senescence-associated protein levels. Western blotting (WB) was pe
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