Administration of prostaglandins F<sub>2α</sub>(PGF<sub>2α</sub>) and E<sub>2</sub>(PGE<sub>2</sub>) to syngeneic mice transplanted with chemically induced squamous cell carcinoma from the same species (allograft) markedly enhanced the trans-plantability and cellular atypicality of these tumors. Large and invasive tumors with an atypical cellular pattern, anaplastic squamous cell carcinoma, grade IV (or fibrosarcoma), occurred in approximately 87% of mice transplanted with squamous cell carcinoma, grade I, and treated with PGF<sub>2α</sub>. Similar transplanted tumors in syngeneic nontreated mice grew to a much lesser extent and remained squamous cell carcinoma, grade I. Light microscopic autoradiography and radioactivity measurements revealed a significant increase of 3H-thymidine incorporation in tumor tissue of transplanted and PG-treated mice as compared to control epidermis or to that of tumor transplanted only. Electron microscopic examination revealed that the cellular evolution in transplanted tumors treated with PGF<sub>2α</sub> is shifted towards atypical fibroblasts (fibrosarcomas) which originate fr
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