Beard’s theory can be restated in a modified form in modern terms in the following way. Cancer represents primarily trophoblastic tissue derived either from an aberrant germ cell or from a somatic cell whose normally repressed ‘asexual generation’ genes are abnormally reactivated (‘derepressed’). The variety of tumors, other than teratomas, may be due to a parallel chance derepression of some genes of somatic (‘sexual generation’) characters. This would be a defensive reaction against intramural parasitization by trophoblast and would result in the differentiation and hyperplasia of normally present more primitive somatic cells.
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