The purpose of the study was to investigate the possible role of autoantibodies in the development and type of left-ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Three groups of subjects were studied:15 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM; 11 males, 4 females; mean age 50.0 ± 16..3 years); (b) 15 patients with essential hypertension (10 males, 5 females; mean age 56.8 ± 13.5 years) with normal renal function and serum electrolytes and (c) 15 male athletes (mean age 20.8 ± 5.9 years). The control group consisted of 15 normal subjects with no sign of heart disease. The following indices of cardiac performance were determined by means of echocardiography: end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters, interventricular septum thickness, left-ventricular (LV) wall thickness, LV mass and LV mass index. The immunologic parameters studied included autoantibodies against (a) specific (anticardiac cell; ACA) and nonspecific (antimitochondrial cell; AMA) autoantigens according to a conventional indirect immunofluorescence technique. (1) Higher values for LV mass and LV mass index were observed in HCM. (2) The incidence of specific and nonspecific autoantibodies in hypertensive patients and in patients
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