To create a model for studying the regional variation in the histologic structure of left ventricular myocardium and the representativity of samples from endomyocardium in predicting the state of myocardium as a whole, 12 human hearts (3 normal and 9 pathological) were investigated with histoquantitative methods. Ten small endomyocardial areas representing biopsy sites (mean area on section 0.94 mm2) were delineated from each heart. The volume fractions of myocardial fibers (V<sub>VMY</sub>), interstitial space (V<sub>VINT</sub>) and connective tissue (V<sub>VCT</sub>) were determined with a point counting method on these areas. Also the mean fiber diameter was measured. The results were compared with the results from three full thickness samples (mean area 3 cm2) from each heart. The values for fiber diameter estimates were almost identical in endomyocardial samples and full thickness samples. On the other hand, V<sub>VCT</sub> was significantly higher and V<sub>VMY</sub> lower in endomyocardial samples. The coefficient of variation (10 endomyocardial areas) was 8.3% for fiber diameter, 17.8% for Vvmy and 77.5 % for Vvct·
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