AbstractAimTo describe the role of opioids in the management of pain after oral surgery.Materials and methodsA review of the literature describing the pharmacokinetics, benefits and harms of opioids in terms of systematic review evidence, interactions, use in children, pregnancy and breastfeeding.ResultsA 10‐mg intramuscular dose of morphine is recognised as a very effective analgesic for post‐operative pain with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 2.9. Codeine 60 mg has anNNTof 16.7 suggesting poor analgesic effectiveness, but in combination with 1 g paracetamol is an effective analgesic for the management of post‐operative pain with anNNTof 2.2.ConclusionsMorphine is effective for severe pain experienced by inpatients undergoing oral surgery, ideally administered intravenously or alternatively by intramuscular injection. Codeine is very effective when combined with paracetamol and is suitable for day‐case and outpatient oral surgery experiencing moderate to severe pain.
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