Abstract Soil viruses are important components of the carbon (C) cycle, yet we still know little about viral ecology in soils. We added diverse 13 C‐labelled carbon sources to soil and we used metagenomic‐SIP to detect 13 C assimilation by viruses and their putative bacterial hosts. These data allowed us to link a 13 C‐labelled bacteriophage to its 13 C‐labelled Streptomyces putative host, and we used qPCR to track the dynamics of the putative host and phage in response to C inputs. Following C addition, putative host numbers increased rapidly for 3 days, and then more gradually, reaching maximal abundance on Day 6. Viral abundance and virus:host ratio increased dramatically over 6 days, and remained high thereafter (8.42 ± 2.94). From Days 6 to 30, virus:host ratio remained high, while putative host numbers declined more than 50%. Putative host populations were 13 C‐labelled on Days 3–30, while
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