SUMMARY Aims To examine the effect of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements on the monocyte surface expression of adhesion molecules involved in pro‐atherogenic monocyte–endothelial interactions, and on pro‐inflammatory mediators in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Twenty‐nine subjects with Type 2 diabetes and 21 controls without diabetes were studied. Monocyte expression of leucocyte function‐associated antigens 1 and 3, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, and the major histocompatibility complex class II molecule HLA‐DR were measured using a laser flow cytometric method. Supplementation with 2.08 g n‐3 fatty acids for 21 days was undertaken and measurements repeated. Plasma soluble adhesion molecule concentrations, plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 activity and antigen and pro‐inflammatory mediators (cysteinyl leukotriene and monocyte leukotriene B4) were also measured.Results Groups did not differ in monocyte expression of adhesion molecules or HLA‐DR, or in leukotriene production although plasma soluble adhesion molecule concentrations were higher in the diabetes groups (P < 0.05). n‐3 fatty acid supplementation influenced neither the expression of these molecules no
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