Objective: This review discusses the role of general practitioners and primary care health staff in the assessment, treatment and prevention of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders and to consider implications for service delivery. Method: Literature review. Papers were selected as having an empirical evidence base or as describing and documenting new initiatives in general practice. Results: A small proportion of about 3% of children present to general practice with behavioural or emotional problems, but psychiatric disorders in the context of somatic presentations are considerably more common. They are probably higher than in the general population reflecting an increased tendency by children with disorders to consult. Recognition by general practitioners is limited and few children with disorders are referred to specialist clinics. However, referrals are mostly appropriate: the more severely affected children in difficult psychosocial circumstances. A number of pilot studies have shown the feasibility and potential usefulness of setting up shifted specialist clinics in primary care and of training primary care doctors and other staff in
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