AbstractRemarkable changes of health‐care systems, increasing costs of health care and of social inequality in modern societies, an aging population and the increase of chronic illnesses such as cancer implicate various future challenges for the provision of health care. Health‐care research aims to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of patient‐oriented services involving the evaluation of innovative treatment approaches and settings. It deals with the patients' path through different areas of health‐care systems in order to identify significant factors for the provision of quality assurance of structures and resources concerning treatments, processes and health outcomes. Health‐care research focusses on three main topics that play an important role for quality management: (1) the admission to health‐care services and assessment strategies including indication, utilization and specificity of settings and target groups; (2) the treatment process including the implementation, standardization and flexibility of services and dose‐effect relationship of interventions; (3) health‐care outcome including effectiveness and efficiency of interventions and services, the cost‐benefit rel
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