AbstractThe concentrations of monoamines and cholineacetyl transferase (CAT) are reduced in brains from patients with normal aging. According to findings about the dopamine (DA) system, the age‐sensitive decrease has its onset in the 60s and after that has a continuous progress. In patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD/SDAT), multiple changes indicate disturbed metabolism in the acetylcholine (ACh), DA, noradrenaline (NA), and 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) systems. The activity of monoamine oxidase B (MAO‐B) increases significantly with age and a further‐increase has been reported to occur in Alzheimer‐afflicted brains. In the platelets, too, there is increased MAO‐B activity in AD/SDAT patients. Increased enzyme activity is considered a marker of gliosis in the brain and a marker of macrocytosis in platelets. Gangliosides are reduced in several areas of the brain in AD/SDAT patients, which indicates a reduction of nerve terminals. Significantly reduced concentrations of myelin components have also been recorded in brains from patients with AD/SDAT, which is in agreement with histopathological findings.The neurochemical changes recorded in brains from normally aged individuals are ver
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