A pair of schematic illustrations showing how the glymphatic system is impaired by pneumococcal meningitis. In healthy brain (left), CSF enters the brain parenchyma via periarterial pathways (blue arrows), washes out metabolites and waste products (small gray star‐like clusters), and exits the brain via perivenular paths. Neutrophils (green) are only intravascular. During pneumococcal meningitis, bacteria (red) proliferate in the subarachnoid and perivascular spaces, and neutrophils are recruited to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs, dark green clusters attached to neutrophils), leading to glymphatic impairment and cerebral edema. See paper by Pavan and colleagues for more complete explanation (pp. 653–669, this issue).
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