ABSTRACT Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a progressive multisystem condition that is characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations and clinical variability. Individuals with NF1 can be significantly impacted by NF1‐related complications, and targeted therapies are emerging. Currently, MEK inhibitors selumetinib and mirdametinib are the only FDA‐approved targeted therapies for NF1‐related symptomatic or progressive, inoperable plexiform neurofibromas. Several additional MEK inhibitors are being investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of plexiform neurofibromas. Additional therapies are currently under investigation for the treatment of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, low‐grade gliomas, skeletal manifestations, cutaneous neurofibromas, and other NF1‐related complications.
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