AbstractWolbachiais a genus of obligate intracellular Alpha‐Proteobacteria represented by the type speciesWolbachiapipientis(Dumler et al., 2001).Wolbachiacommonly reside within cytoplasmic vacuoles of arthropods and helminths (Werren and Windsor, 2000; Casiraghi et al., 2004); vertebrate infections have not been identified.Wolbachiaare maternally transmitted from mothers to offspring though the embryonic cytoplasm.Wolbachiaare able to induce a diverse range of phenotypes in their invertebrate hosts, ranging from classical mutualism to reproductive parasitism. Examples of the latter include male killing, host feminization, parthenogenesis, and cytoplasmic incompatibility (reviewed in Dobson, 2003a). CurrentWolbachiaresearch foci include examining the impacts ofWolbachiainfection on host evolution, characterizing the mechanisms by whichWolbachiamanipulate invertebrate hosts, and developing applied strategies that employWolbachiafor pest and disease control.Wolbachiatransfection has proven a useful technique for addressing questions within each of these research foci. This unit describes a method forWolbachiatransfection via embryonic microinjection.
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